Industrial dyes are quite often used in multiple industries these days; so is the case with pigments. If we talk about industrial dyes, they are basically coloring, ionizing, and aromatic compounds that are used in numerous applications across various industries. Dyes have the property to show an affinity towards the substrate. But, they should be used cautiously because some industrial dyes are toxic and carcinogenic in nature. Anyway, at present, dyes found their application in industries like plastic, cement, cosmetics, rubber, paper, textiles, medicine, to name a few. Some primary varieties of industrial dyes are mentioned under:

1) Digital Textile Printing Dyes: In digital printing, computer controlled ink-jet nozzles or charged drums are used. The physical surfaces over which the digital prints are reproduced include common paper, photographic paper, plastic, cloth, etc. The popular varieties of dyes used for this purpose are acid inks, disperse inks, reactive inks, and dye based inks.

2) Leather Dyes: Tanneries usually make use of around 50-100 different varieties of leather dyes. Each dye produces a diverse desired effect over the leather. The dyes used in this industry include direct, acid, mordant, reactive, and basic dyes, among others.

3) Optical Brighteners: Also known as optical agents, optical brighteners are the dyes that possess the attribute of absorbing the violet and ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum, which results in the prominent re-emission of light in the blue region. This dye is not suitable to be used in water (like in aquarium, etc.), due to its toxic nature.

4) Sublimation Dyes: These dyes primarily found their application in various types of printing. They can be found in several forms like inkjet inks, ribbons for thermal transfer, and toner for laser printers. Sublimation dyes are applied by the process called heat-transfer. Their main varieties include acid, disperse, vat, direct, and reactive.

Now, as you might have got some idea about the industrial dyes and their primary varieties, let's discuss about industrial pigments and their types. Pigments are basically the materials that make a modification in the color of the transmitted light owing to their attribute of selective absorption of the wavelength. The change in the transmission of light varies with fluorescence, phosphorescence, as well as with other forms of luminescence, in which a material emits light. Pigments are generally used in inks, coloring paints, cosmetics, eatables, etc. Nowadays there are various types of pigments available in the market, out of which some primary types of pigments are given under:

1) CLC Pigments: Cholesteric Liquid Crystal (CLC) pigments are made from CLC films. These pigments are nowadays increasingly used in security machines and also as an impediment to the counterfeit of currency notes, legal documents, etc.

2) Fluorescent Pigments: These pigments have the quality of changing the ultraviolet light into the desired color. They form the vital element of any kind of fluorescent material. The fluorescent pigments are mostly used in textile field, solvent based paper coating, and paints and aerosol coating.

3) Organic Pigments: Organic pigments consist of solid particles and they are insoluble in the application medium. There are two basic varieties of these pigments, namely natural and synthetic. Organic pigments are generally used for coloring or coating purposes (both decorative and protective) on plastics, candles, paper, rubber materials, pharmaceuticals, etc.

4) Ultramarine Pigments: They are a kind of inorganic pigments, which are non-poisonous and non-irritating in nature. They are also one of the oldest varieties of pigments. They have two basic types, viz., ultramarine blue and ultramarine violet. Ultramarine pigments found their application in coating, coloring, printing inks, cosmetics, and artist colors.

Get familiar with numerous other types of industrial dyes and pigments, along with dyestuffs, dyes intermediates, dyeing processes, and dyeing machinery, by visiting Dyes & Pigments B2B Marketplace.

Gears are very popular mechanical items that have been used across various industries to serve several purposes for long. Gears are considered the inherent and most vital part of any modern engine or machinery. In fact, they can be remarked as the life of any engine. The prominent industries which require the application of modern gears are defence, food processing, marine, sugar, petrochemicals, earth moving, power generation, railway, to name a few.

Owing to such large and widespread demand of gears in the modern industries, there is no surprise that the global market expenditure on them is touching a phenomenal Rs. 12,500 crore mark. Since the number of industries in which the gears are used are very large, it is not feasible to describe each and every one them here. That is why some of the popular industries, along with the use of gears in them and the type of gears used in them are mentioned below:

1) Defence Industry: Defence is a very crucial industry as it is associated with the safety and security of the inhabitants of a nation. Gears are primarily used in this industry in various types of weapons as well as in other components required for the proper operation of this industry. The use of bevel and several types of reduction gears is common in this industry.

2) Marine Industry: There is a huge demand for gears in the marine industry, which are generally used there in yachts, commercial ships, cruise liners, patrol boats, warships, and so. The gears used in this industry are usually referred as marine gears. These gears not only ensure huge power transmission, but high-speed as well.

3) Petrochemical Industry: As apparent from the name, petrochemical industry deals with the production of various types of useful chemicals. But, these valuable chemicals can't be produced without the use of certain machines and equipment which are meant for the purpose. And again, such chemical production machinery require the use of several industrial gears like ground, helical, spur, and precision gears.

4) Earth Moving Industry: Earth moving industry is indispensable for the survival of construction and infrastructure development sectors, owing to the necessary equipment and machinery supplied by it for various crucial activities performed in these sectors. Gears like spur, helical, and planetary form an integral part of the machinery and vehicles used in the earth moving industry.

5) Power Generation Industry: Power generation or power industry is an industry that forms the basis of all other industries and sectors. As we all know, nothing can be done without power, hence this industry is very crucial. Gears play a vital role in making certain power generation equipment functional. This industry witnesses wide use of bevel, planetary, and internal gears.

For comprehensive information on the types and uses of various gears, gearboxes, and gear equipment, visit: Gearshub.

India is a country with rich cultural heritage and it is a symbol of oneness in diversity. Since times immemorial, India has been known in the world for its beautiful traditions and its delicious food. The food items and recipes of this country are world famous due to the spices used in them. Indian spices not only add aroma and taste to the food, but possess certain medicinal values as well. Many Indian spices like celery, coriander, cumin, and mint have been proved to cure the diseases ranging from common cold and cough to cancerous tumors. Indian people can't even imagine their food without these spices. Besides India, spices are also produced in several other parts of the world, but those produced on the Indian land are totally incomparable in attributes. Nowadays, these spices are getting much fame in the west as well. Although all the Indian spices possess their own unique qualities, but some of them are comparatively much special and popular. So, let's get acquainted with some such spices:

1) Bishop's-Weed: Commonly known as Ajwain, bishop's-weed is widely used both in the food and the pharmaceutical industry. It is commonly used as a food preservative and looks like powder in appearance. It closely resembles cumin, but it is totally different in taste. This spice is considered good for digestion and that's why used in various pulses and vegetables that are heavy to digest. This spice is mainly found in the states of Rajasthan and Gujarat in India.

2) Black Pepper: The Indian name of black pepper is Kali Mirch. It looks like a tiny, round shaped, and black colored ball with a coarse surface. Its other variants include white, green, and red pepper. It is actually the changed form of the fruit named, peppercorn. The black pepper plant requires moist and organically rich soil, hence it is primarily found in Kerala, which is a south Indian region.

3) Cardamom: It is well-known as Elaichi in the Indian subcontinent. This spice is extensively used in both Scandinavian and Indian cuisine for adding aroma and taste to various foods. It is also used for flavoring purpose in various beverages. The two varieties of this spice are green colored small sized cardamom, also known as true cardamom; and black colored big sized cardamom, also known as java cardamom. In India, the major quantities of this wonderful spice are found in the southern states.

4) Clove: Clove's Indian name is Laung, which closely resembles an iron nail. This spice is very aromatic and possesses amazing medicinal and therapeutic qualities. The clove tree belongs to the evergreen class of trees. This spice contains a good amount of oil, that's why it is also used for making oil. Clove also found its application in the fabrication of toiletries. Although clove is found in many parts of the world, but it had basically originated from India.

5) Coriander: Coriander, or Dhania in the Indian language, is very often used in the Indian cuisine. It is used in both fresh (leaves) form and dried form. Coriander adds aroma and flavor to the food items. It is mostly sprinkled in the raw form over some dishes, etc. to enhance their appearance and taste. Coriander is mainly found in the states of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh, in India.

6) Turmeric: Popular with the name Haldi in India, turmeric is a wonderful spice and an effective medicine. Turmeric belongs to the ginger family and it is a perennial plant, which has a long life. The two forms in which it is commonly used are solid and powdered. Besides adding taste, its main role in the food is to provide it a good color. This spice possesses the utility and value that are far beyond imagination. There is no denying the fact that if not more, it is deemed equally important in the pharmaceutical industry as in the food industry.

Spices are now no more a thing that is known to only Indian people, rather they are getting acclamation the world over. People at large are now understanding the significance of spices in food and medicine. This is providing a boost to the agricultural industry of India, which produces a significantly large part of the world spice production. If you want to know more interesting facts about the above-mentioned spices, and various other Indian spices, you should visit Spice Trade.